Scientists at Zhejiang University in China have created a lithium battery that can function in temperatures as low as -80°C. This innovative development opens up possibilities for the use of electric vehicles in extreme cold conditions, such as in cars and aircraft.
The breakthrough could potentially address the challenges related to operating and recharging electric vehicle batteries in harsh environments. Regular lithium-ion batteries are typically designed to work optimally within a temperature range of 20°C to 25°C. When the temperature drops below this range, the internal resistance of the battery increases, requiring more power to function effectively. As a result, batteries tend to discharge quicker in cold weather, especially during winter.
To achieve this milestone, the researchers had to formulate a new electrolyte by utilizing a specific type of solvent with unique properties. This allowed the lithium-ion battery to continue functioning at extremely low temperatures. Additionally, their research revealed a novel mechanism for ion transportation within batteries that is compatible with freezing temperatures.
Experiments conducted by the researchers demonstrated that the new electrolyte enabled the lithium-ion cells to maintain high capacity at temperatures ranging from -60°C to -80°C. They were also able to fast charge the battery up to 80% in just 10 minutes under these conditions. The same concept could potentially be applied to sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries to operate efficiently at very low temperatures.
The next step involves integrating this breakthrough into the design of a standard battery and assessing its feasibility for commercialization in the future. This technology holds promise for enhancing the performance of electric vehicles in extreme cold climates. – AFP Relaxnews
